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Identify and Mount a Drive
First we need to identify the disk(s):
sudo blkid
This will list any recognised devices:
/dev/mmcblk0p1: LABEL="RECOVERY" UUID="0403-0201" TYPE="vfat" PARTUUID="0006dd3f-01" /dev/mmcblk0p5: LABEL="SETTINGS" UUID="705f6e2b-fac6-4f33-8611-d57a9c9f04e1" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="0006dd3f-05" /dev/mmcblk0p6: SEC_TYPE="msdos" LABEL="boot" UUID="1495-189B" TYPE="vfat" PARTUUID="0006dd3f-06" /dev/mmcblk0p7: LABEL="root0" UUID="759bca6b-5766-4941-b830-cdbfcd861107" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="0006dd3f-07" /dev/mmcblk0p8: LABEL="boot-rbp2" UUID="200C-EA5B" TYPE="vfat" PARTUUID="0006dd3f-08" /dev/mmcblk0p9: LABEL="root-rbp2" UUID="26d10fa3-fe0a-4044-b24a-9b85c2079122" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="0006dd3f-09" /dev/mmcblk0: PTUUID="0006dd3f" PTTYPE="dos" /dev/sda: PTUUID="279bf5b4" PTTYPE="dos"
In this example, the first 6 items are the SD card that Raspbian booted from /dev/mmcblk0px. The last device /dev/sda is a USB Hard Disk. This is the disk I want to add to Raspbian.
Now that we know the disk we wish to work on is /dev/sda we can use:
sudo fdisk /dev/sda
enter p to display partition information Disk /dev/sda: 298.1 GiB, 320072933376 bytes, 625142448 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: dos Disk identifier: 0x279bf5b4
We can see the size is 298.1 GB.
Use the d command to delete existing partition No partition is defined yet! Could not delete partition 81165
In this case, there are no partitions to delete
To create a new partition, use:
n - This creates a new partition p - This is for a primary partition Enter - To default to partition 1 Enter - To select first sector Enter - To select last sector.
You should now have a new partition.
p - To display the new partition Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type /dev/sda1 2048 625142447 625140400 298.1G 83 Linux
The changes need to be written to the partition table:
w - To commit changes The partition table has been altered. Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks.
Now run the following command to see your disk, which will now include /dev/sda1
sudo fdisk -l
There will be a large output, but the important part is at the end:
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type /dev/sda1 2048 625142447 625140400 298.1G 83 Linux
/dev/sda1 is the partition we have just created on device /dev/sda
Now we need to create the file system:
sudo mkfs /dev/sda1 mke2fs 1.42.12 (29-Aug-2014) /dev/sda1 contains a ntfs file system labelled '300gb' Proceed anyway? (y,n) <---------------------------------You have to say 'Y' Here. Depending on drive size, this will take a minute or two Creating filesystem with 78142550 4k blocks and 19537920 inodes Filesystem UUID: 6af40af7-759f-4ee5-afea-882e9f58f17e Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616 Allocating group tables: done Writing inode tables: done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
After the superblocks are created and you get a command prompt, Now you are ready to mount your disk.
Lets create a mount point and call it NewDisk
sudo mkdir /mydisk <-- This creates a mount point (a folder) to mount our disk, the folder is called mydisk
To Mount the Disk
sudo mount /dev/sda1 /NewDisk <--- bear in mind that your disk might not be sda1
Use df to verify disk is mounted. If you reboot you will need to remount it (you might want to add it to /etc/fstab)
df Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/root 7928236 3577848 3924612 48% / devtmpfs 469544 0 469544 0% /dev tmpfs 473880 0 473880 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 473880 6520 467360 2% /run tmpfs 5120 4 5116 1% /run/lock tmpfs 473880 0 473880 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/mmcblk0p6 64366 20436 43930 32% /boot tmpfs 94776 0 94776 0% /run/user/1000 /dev/sda1 307665360 64344 291972508 1% /NewDisk <---- here is our new disk
Try writing a file to the disk to test it:
sudo touch /NewDisk/test ls /NewDsik lost+found test