identify_and_mount_a_drive
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identify_and_mount_a_drive [2016/07/28 21:28] – walkeradmin | identify_and_mount_a_drive [2017/01/08 21:46] – walkeradmin | ||
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====== Identify and Mount a Drive ====== | ====== Identify and Mount a Drive ====== | ||
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- | ===== THIS SECTION IS NOT FINISHED ===== | ||
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+ | This guide assumes you only have 1 external hard drive connected to the Pi. If so then it should be attached to /dev/sda1 – additional drives will use /dev/sdb1 and /dev/sdc1 etc. If you have multiple external hard drives you will need separate mount points for each drive (e.g. / | ||
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- | first we need to identify the disk(s): | ||
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+ | Prepare the Mount Point | ||
+ | | ||
+ | First make a directory in which to mount the USB drive | ||
+ | sudo mkdir / | ||
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- | sudo blkid | + | |
+ | |||
+ | | ||
+ | sudo chmod -R 775 / | ||
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- | This will list any recognised devices: | + | Set all future permissions for the mount point to pi user and group. |
+ | |||
+ | sudo setfacl -Rdm g:pi:rwx / | ||
+ | sudo setfacl -Rm g:pi:rwx / | ||
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+ | Determine the USB Hard Drive Format | ||
+ | |||
+ | You also need to know the file system the drive is formatted with | ||
+ | |||
+ | sudo blkid | ||
+ | \\ | ||
+ | You will see something like this. Again it is the sda1 line we are interested in. Note the TYPE=" | ||
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+ | /dev/sda1: UUID=" | ||
+ | / | ||
/ | / | ||
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- | /dev/sda: PTUUID=" | ||
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- | In this example, the first 6 items are the SD card that Raspbian booted from **/ | + | Update your repositories if your hard drive is anything but ext4 as the TYPE above |
+ | |||
+ | sudo apt-get update | ||
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- | Now that we know the disk we wish to work on is /dev/sda we can use: | + | |
+ | |||
+ | sudo apt-get install ntfs-3g -y | ||
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- | sudo fdisk /dev/sda | + | |
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+ | | ||
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- | Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes | + | |
- | Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes | + | |
- | I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes | + | |
- | Disklabel type: dos | + | |
- | Disk identifier: 0x279bf5b4 | + | |
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- | We can see the size is 298.1 GB. | + | If you get an error use this syntax |
+ | |||
+ | sudo mount -t uid=pi, | ||
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- | | + | |
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- | | + | |
- | Could not delete partition 81165 | + | |
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- | In this case, there are no partitions | + | If you are getting |
+ | |||
+ | Remove the automounting software with this command | ||
+ | |||
+ | sudo apt-get remove usbmount --purge | ||
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- | To create a new partition, use: | + | Automount the USB Hard Drive on Boot |
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- | | + | |
- | | + | sudo ls -l / |
- | | + | |
- | Enter - To select first sector | + | |
- | Enter - To select last sector. | + | |
- | \\ | + | |
- | You should now have a new partition. | + | |
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- | | + | |
+ | total 0 | ||
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- | /dev/sda1 2048 625142447 625140400 298.1G 83 Linux | + | |
+ | lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Oct 26 21:10 BA8F-FFE8 -> ../../sda1 | ||
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- | The changes need to be written | + | Now we will edit fstab to mount the USB by UUID on boot |
- | \\ | + | |
- | w - To commit changes | + | |
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- | | + | |
- | Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. | + | |
- | Syncing disks. | + | |
- | \\ | + | |
- | Now run the following command to see your disk, which will now include | + | |
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- | | + | |
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- | There will be a large output, but the important part is at the end: | + | The umask 0002 sets 775 permissions so the pi user and group can read, write and execute files on the external USB drive. To completely eliminate permission issues you can set the umask to 0000 which equals 777 permissions so anybody can read, write and execute. Note that 777 permissions are considered a security risk. |
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- | Device | + | If you have issues here then try replacing uid=pi, |
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- | /dev/sda1 is the partition we have just created on device | + | This is an example for exfat |
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- | Now we need to create the file system: | + | |
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+ | \\ | ||
+ | | ||
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- | /dev/sda1 contains a ntfs file system labelled ' | + | /dev/mmcblk0p2 / ext4 errors=remount-ro,noatime 0 1 |
- | Proceed anyway? (y,n) < | + | |
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+ | \\ | ||
+ | For ext4 using uid and gid is not recommended so use at your own risk as it could cause issues (thanks mk2soldier). | ||
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- | Superblock backups stored on blocks: | + | |
- | 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, | + | |
- | 4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616 | + | |
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- | | + | |
- | Writing inode tables: done | + | |
- | Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: | + | |
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- | After the superblocks are created and you get a command prompt, Now you are ready to mount your disk. | + | If you get any errors |
+ | |||
+ | / | ||
+ | / | ||
+ | |||
+ | UUID=XXXX-XXXX | ||
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- | Lets create a mount point and call it NewDisk | + | For using / |
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- | | + | /dev/ |
- | \\ | + | / |
- | To Mount the Disk | + | |
- | \\ | + | / |
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- | Use df to verify disk is mounted. If you reboot you will need to remount it (you might want to add it to /etc/fstab) | + | |
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- | | + | |
- | / | + | |
- | devtmpfs | + | |
- | tmpfs | + | |
- | tmpfs | + | |
- | tmpfs | + | |
- | tmpfs | + | |
- | / | + | |
- | tmpfs 94776 | + | |
- | / | + | |
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- | Try writing a file to the disk to test it: | + | If you didn’t get errors reboot, otherwise try the suggestions above to get it working then |
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- | + | \\ | |
- | lost+found | + | |
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identify_and_mount_a_drive.txt · Last modified: 2023/03/09 22:35 by 127.0.0.1